• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    reusable vacuum bag, fully reinforced and method of doing the same. the present invention relates to a reusable, fully reinforced vacuum bag for processing parts which is made by encapsulating a generally rigid structure within a flexible diaphragm.
    公开号:BR102012021341B1
    申请号:R102012021341-9
    申请日:2012-08-24
    公开日:2020-09-01
    发明作者:Michael Kenneth-Que Louie；Kenneth M.Dull；Timothy David Aquino
    申请人:The Boeing Company；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    BACKGROUND INFORMATION Field:
    [0001] The present description generally refers to the equipment used to manufacture composite parts, and more particularly they deal with a vacuum bag used to compress layups of composite parts. Background:
    [0002] Flexible vacuum bags can be used to process parts in a wide variety of applications. In the composites industry, vacuum bags are used to consolidate, laminate, mold or bond composite parts using a vacuum pull inside the bag to apply atmospheric pressure to the parts. The pouch comprises a flexible membrane or diaphragm which can be an extruded polymer film such as nylon.
    [0003] Polymer film-type vacuum bags are typically non-reusable and must be discarded after each use, therefore representing a recurring production cost. Vacuum bags of the reusable type are known to employ a cloth or film coated with rubber, however, these types of bags, which typically employ reinforced structures, are relatively complex, heavy and relatively expensive to manufacture. For example, reusable elastomeric vacuum bags are manufactured using hardened metal structures. Separate agglutination operations are required to attach the diaphragm of the bag, seal and frame to each other. Each component is manufactured separately, and the tools used to produce the bags must be oversized to allow shrinkage of the bag's diaphragm during manufacture.
    [0004] Document W02008 / 103485a 1 discloses a method for making a membrane for use as a vacuum bag, a vacuum bag of natural rubber is made using such methods and methods to use such a natural rubber bag to form composite articles .
    [0005] Thus, there is a need for an improved, reusable, fully reinforced vacuum bag that reduces the number of steps required for its manufacture, while reducing the weight and complexity of the bag. SUMMARY
    [0006] The described modalities provide a reusable vacuum bag, fully reinforced, and related method of doing the same, which reduces the number of manufacturing steps and parts, thereby reducing costs. The pouch is integrally reinforced with a rigid peripheral structure that is encapsulated in the pouch diaphragm, thereby eliminating the need for a separate operation to connect the reinforcer to the pouch diaphragm. A peripheral seal of the bag can be integrally formed with the diaphragm of the bag, thereby eliminating the need for a separate bonding operation to attach the seal to the bag assembly. In one embodiment, the reusable vacuum bag can be manufactured on the laying tool that is used for laying and / or curing a composite part, thereby eliminating the need for a separate tool to manufacture the vacuum bag. Relatively lightweight, reusable vacuum bags can be manufactured, large ones that avoid the need for heavy external support structures.
    [0007] In accordance with a described embodiment, a vacuum bag for processing parts is provided comprising a flexible diaphragm and generally rigid structure. The diaphragm is adapted to be placed on a part, and the structure is encapsulated within the diaphragm. The pouch may comprise an elastomeric material such as room temperature curable RTV silicone. The structure can comprise a composite that extends around the periphery of the diaphragm and has its sides covered by the diaphragm. The vacuum bag may further comprise a seal to seal the diaphragm against a surface during part processing. The seal can be integrally formed with the diaphragm or alternatively, it can be bonded to the structure.
    [0008] According to another described embodiment, a reusable, fully reinforced vacuum bag for processing parts comprises a flexible diaphragm having an integral reinforcer around its periphery. The bag may further comprise an integral seal and extend around the periphery of the diaphragm to seal the diaphragm against the surface during part processing. The reinforcer may include a generally rigid structure encapsulated in the diaphragm which may comprise a vulcanized elastomer.
    [0009] In accordance with an additional embodiment, a method is provided for making a vacuum bag for processing parts. The method comprises forming a flexible diaphragm, and encapsulating a generally rigid structure within the diaphragm. The formation of the diaphragm can include coating a tool surface with an elastomer and encapsulating the structure includes placing the structure of the elastomer coating and applying additional elastomer over the structure. The method may further comprise forming a seal integrally with the diaphragm. The formation of the seal may include a sealing element on a tool surface, and forming the diaphragm may include spraying an elastomer coating on the tool surface that lines the seal. The method may further comprise curing the elastomeric seal and liner.
    [00010] According to yet another modality, a method of making a reusable vacuum bag, fully reinforced for processing parts, is provided. The method comprises making a generally rigid structure and forming a diaphragm by spraying an elastomer onto a tool surface. The method also comprises placing the structure on the diaphragm and encapsulating the structure with elastomer by spraying a second coating of the elastomer onto the structure and the diaphragm. The method also includes curing the first and second elastomer coatings. The method may further comprise placing a seal on the tool surface, where spraying the first coating includes spraying the elastomer onto the seal and boring the first and second coatings and the seal.
    [00011] In summary, according to one aspect of the invention, a vacuum bag is provided for processing a part, including a substantially flat flexible diaphragm adapted to be placed on the part; a generally rigid structure encapsulated within the diaphragm; and a seal connected to a lower surface of the diaphragm; the seal being arranged to seal the diaphragm against a tool surface when the part is positioned during part processing, thereby allowing a vacuum to be carried out inside the bag.
    [00012] Advantageously the vacuum bag in which the diaphragm is an elastomeric material.
    [00013] Advantageously the vacuum bag in which the diaphragm is RTV silicone.
    [00014] Advantageously the vacuum bag in which the structure is a composite.
    [00015] Advantageously the vacuum bag in which the structure is encapsulated within the diaphragm.
    [00016] Advantageously, the vacuum bag also includes a seal to seal the diaphragm against a surface during part processing.
    [00017] Advantageously the vacuum bag in which the seal is formed integral with the diaphragm.
    [00018] Advantageously the vacuum bag in which the seal is attached to the encapsulated structure.
    [00019] Advantageously the vacuum bag in which the structure has sides surrounded by the diaphragm.
    [00020] According to another aspect of the invention, a reusable, fully reinforced vacuum bag is provided for processing parts, including a flexible diagram having an integral reinforcer around its periphery.
    [00021] Advantageously the vacuum bag also includes an integral seal with and extending around the periphery of the diaphragm to seal the diaphragm against a surface during the processing of a part.
    [00022] Advantageously the vacuum bag in which the reinforcer includes a generally rigid structure encapsulated in the diaphragm.
    [00023] Advantageously the vacuum bag in which the diaphragm is a vulcanized elastomer.
    [00024] In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for making a vacuum bag for processing parts; including forming a substantially flat flexible diaphragm on an upper surface of a tool, a lower surface of the diaphragm facing the upper surface of the tool; and encapsulating a generally rigid structure within the diaphragm; the seal being arranged to seal the diaphragm against a surface of a tool under which a part is positioned during processing, thereby allowing a vacuum to be created within the bag.
    [00025] Advantageously the method in which forming the diaphragm includes a tool surface with an elastomer and encapsulating the structure includes placing the structure in the elastomer coating and applying additional elastomer over the structure.
    [00026] Advantageously the method also includes forming an integral seal with the diaphragm.
    [00027] Advantageously the method in which forming the seal includes placing a sealing element on a tool surface, and forming the diaphragm includes spraying an elastomer coating on the tool surface covering the seal.
    [00028] Advantageously, the method also includes seeding the seal and the elastomer coating.
    [00029] A method according to a further aspect of the present invention is provided a method of making a reusable, fully reinforced vacuum bag for processing parts, including making a generally rigid structure; forming a diaphragm by spraying a first coating of an elastomer onto a tool surface; place the structure on the diaphragm; encapsulating the structure with elastomer by spraying a second coating of the elastomer onto the structure and the diaphragm; and cooking the first and second elastomer coatings.
    [00030] Advantageously the method further including placing a seal on the tool surface, wherein spraying the first coating includes spraying the elastomer over the seal; and looking for the first and second coatings and the seal.
    [00031] Advantageously, the method further includes forming the seal of an elastomer.
    [00032] Advantageously, the method also includes bonding the seal to the structure.
    [00033] According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of making a reusable vacuum bag, integrally reinforced to compress a seating of composite parts in a seating tool, including forming a peripheral seal; put the seal on the laying tool; forming a flexible bag diaphragm by spraying a coating of an RTV silicone curable at room temperature onto the laying tool covering the seal; manufacture a generally rigid structure; place the structure on the seating tool, overlap the diaphragm and usually registered with the seal; encapsulating the structure in the diaphragm by spraying a coating of a curable RTV silicon cone at room temperature on the sides of the structure and on the diaphragm; vulcanize RTV silicone coatings at room temperature; attach hardware to the structure; and install the encapsulated structure in the seating tool.
    [00034] According to another aspect of the present invention, a reusable vacuum bag is provided, integrally reinforced to compress a seating of composite parts in a seating tool, including a rigid composite structure having a bottom and three sides; a flexible bag diaphragm formed of vulcanized RTV silicone extending through the bottom of the structure and encapsulating the three sides of the structure; and a seal formed of RTV silicone to seal the diaphragm of the bag against the seating tool, and the seal being integral with the diaphragm of the bag and located below the bottom of the structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [00035] The new accredited characteristics characteristic of the advantageous modalities are established in the attached claims. The advantageous modalities, however, as well as a preferred mode of use, additional objectives and advantages of them, will be better understood by reference to the following detailed description of an advantageous embodiment of the present exhibition when read in conjunction with the attached drawings, in which :
    [00036] Figure 1 is an illustration of a perspective view of a reusable vacuum bag, fully reinforced according to the described modalities.
    [00037] Figure 2 is an illustration of a sectional view of an edge of a composite seat assembly, showing the bag installed on a composite part seat on a tool.
    [00038] Figure 3 is an illustration of a perspective view of a tool used to make a vacuum bag shown in figures 1 and 2.
    [00039] Figure 4 is an illustration of a flow diagram showing the steps of a method of making a vacuum bag having an integral seal.
    [00040] Figure 5 is an illustration of a perspective view of a reinforced structure before being assembled with the bag.
    [00041] Figures 6-11 are illustrations of cross-sectional views diagrammatically showing the sequential steps of the method of figure 5.
    [00042] Figure 12 is an illustration of a flow diagram showing the steps of an alternative method of making a reusable bag having an agglutinated seal.
    [00043] Figures 13-17 are illustrations of cross-sectional views diagrammatically showing the sequential steps of the method of figure 12.
    [00044] Figure 18 is an illustration of an aircraft production flow diagram and service methodology.
    [00045] Figure 19 is an illustration of a block diagram of an aircraft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
    [00046] Referring first to figures 1 and 2, the described modalities refer to a reusable, fully reinforced vacuum bag 20 that can be used, for example, and without limitation, to consolidate and / or compress a composite part 34 in a tool 30. The pouch 20 includes an elastic, generally planar pouch diaphragm 22 having dimensions that are suitable for the particular application, covering part 34. The pouch 20 also includes an outer frame 24 and a peripheral seal 26 below the frame 24 that seals the diaphragm of bag 22 against a tool surface 28. Frame 24 can be made of any suitable rigid or semi-rigid material, such as a composite or light metal, and can be supplied with connections such as handles 27 to assist in handling or manipulate the pouch 20. In the illustrated embodiment, the structure 24 is generally rectangular, however, it can have other conformations that are appropriate to the geometry of the composite part 34 that is being processed. The structure 24 has a generally rectangular section, as shown in figure 2, however, other conformations in cross section are possible.
    [00047] Diaphragm 22 extends outwardly through bottom 67 of frame 24, and encapsulates 32 sides 68, 72 and top 70 of structure 24. Encapsulation 32 of structure 24 within diaphragm 22 essentially provides elastic diaphragm 22 with integral reinforcement that allows bag 20 to be easily handled and manipulated. The seal 26 extends around the entire periphery of the composite part 34 and creates an air tight seal between the diaphragm 22 of the bag and the upper surface 28 of the tool 30, allowing a vacuum to be pulled into the bag 22. discussed below, in one embodiment, seal 26 is integrally formed with pocket 22, while in another embodiment, seal 26 is bonded to structure 24 in a separate manufacturing operation.
    [00048] With reference to figure 3, in a method embodiment, the vacuum bag 20 is manufactured using a tool 36 having a generally flat tool surface 38 and a peripheral groove 40. In other embodiments, the vacuum bag 20 can be manufactured using the same tool 30 that is used to process the composite part 34.
    [00049] Attention is now directed to figure 4, together with figures 5-11 which sequentially illustrate the steps of a method of making a vacuum bag 20 shown in figures 1 and 2. Starting at step 42, structure 24 is manufactured (figure 5) using any of several manufacturing techniques, including lamination and curing of prepreg fiber. If the structure 24 is formed of the composite, it can be left on any tool 30 (figure 2) or tool 36 (figure 3). Then, in step 44, a peripheral seal 26 is manufactured using a suitable elastic material such as elastomer which is molded or extruded in the desired cross section. As used here, "elastomer" and "elastomeric" refer to natural and synthetic polymers that exhibit elastic properties, similar to natural rubber. For example, and without limitation, the elastomer can comprise a thermoset or a thermoplastic which can stretch and return substantially to its original shape without deformation of the material. In step 44, seal 26 can be placed in a groove 40 (figure 6) of tool 36 so that seal 26 is generally coplanar with the top surface 38 of tool 36. Groove 40 helps to secure and stabilize seal 26 during subsequent processing steps. Alternatively, as shown in figure 7, if the vacuum bag 20 is manufactured directly on the seating tool 30 used to manufacture the composite part 34 (figure 2), shims 58 can be placed on the tool surface 28 surrounding the seal 26 in order to stabilize and secure seal 26 during subsequent processing operations.
    [00050] With reference now again to figure 4, diaphragm 22 (figure 8) is formed by applying a first elastic coating 64 on the surface 38 of tool 36. The application of the first coating 64 can be carried out by spraying 60 of an elastomer from a spray head 62 onto the tool surface 38. The first coating 64 extends over the seal 26. In one embodiment, the first elastomeric coating 64 may comprise a sprayable RTV catalyzed silicone , which can be a one- or two-piece system that cures relatively quickly at room temperature, without the need for oven or autoclave processing, and exhibits little or no wrinkling after curing. Other forms of elastomers are possible, some of which may require curing at elevated temperatures using an oven or other suitable heating devices. In one embodiment, seal 26 is formed of an elastomer that is substantially identical to the elastomer used in the first elastomeric coating 64 forming diaphragm 22. Other techniques for applying the first coating 64 can be used, including, but not limited to, extrusion.
    [00051] In step 50 (figure 4), structure 24 is placed on diaphragm 22, as shown in figure 9, with the bottom of structure 67 generally overlapping and registered with the peripheral position on seal 26. Next, in step 52 , in figure 4, structure 24 is encapsulated 32 (figure 10) with an elastomer, through application, as by spraying 60 of a second coating 66 on the exposed sides 68, 72 and top 70 of structure 24. The second coating 66 extends over the first coating 64 previously applied. Therefore, in this embodiment, the diaphragm 22, together with the seal 26 and the encapsulation 32 in the structure 24, is formed of substantially the same material, which at this point in the manufacturing process, is not cured. In step 54, optionally, connections such as handles 27 shown in figure 1, can be attached to structure 24. Finally, in step 56, shown in figure 4, diaphragm 22, housing 32 and seal 26 are cocured or vulcanized through the heat application 74. As previously discussed, if a suitable RTV silicone elastomer is used, heat 74 may comprise heat from room temperature. The cure integrates the diaphragm 22, the encapsulation 32 around the structure 24 and the seal 26 in a viscoelastic, continuous, unitary structure.
    [00052] Attention is now directed to figure 12, which, together with figures 13-17, illustrates the steps of another method of manufacturing the vacuum bag 20. In 76, a suitable structure 24 is manufactured following what in 78 a diaphragm 22 (figure 13) is formed by applying an elastomeric coating 64 to the tool surface 38, either by spraying 60, extrusion or by other application techniques. Then, in step 80, structure 24 (figure 14) is placed on the outer periphery of diaphragm 22, in contact with the first elastomeric coating 64. In step 82, structure 24 is encapsulated 32 through the application of a second elastomeric coating 66 on sides 68, 72 and top 70 of structure 24, as shown in figure 15. The second coating 66 can be applied as by spraying 60, from a spraying head 62 or through the use of other techniques including, but not limited to extrusion. The second coating 66 both lines the sides 68, 72 and top 70 of the structure 24 and connects with and overlaps the first coating 64, forming a substantially unitary one-piece structure following curing.
    [00053] In step 84 shown in figure 12, the diaphragm 22 together with the encapsulation 32 surrounding the structure 24, is cured (figure 16) by applying heat 74 to the elastomeric coatings 64, second coat 66. As previously mentioned as in In connection with the modalities shown in figures 4-11, the elastomer may comprise an RTV silicone that cures at room temperature. In step 86 hardware, or suitable connections 22, can be installed in structure 24 as previously described. In step 88 shown in figure 12, a seal 26 (figure 17) is bonded to the lower surface 24a of diaphragm 26, below structure 24, using any suitable techniques, such as using an adhesive bond. Seal 26 may or may not be formed of a material that is the same as that of diaphragm 26.
    [00054] Exposure modalities can find use in a variety of potential applications, particularly in the transportation industry, including, for example, aerospace, marine, automotive and other applications where automated seating equipment can be used. Therefore, with reference now to figures 18 and 19, display modalities can be used in the context of manufacturing an aircraft and service method 90, as shown in figure 18 and an aircraft 92, as shown in figure 19. Aircraft applications of the modalities described may include, for example, without limitation structures, reinforcers, hatches, stringers and beams, to name but a few. During pre-production, exemplary method 90 may include specification and design 94 for aircraft 92 and acquisition of material 96. During production, component 98 is manufactured and subassembled and system 92 is integrated into system 100. After that, aircraft 92 may undergo certification and distribution 102 in order to be placed in service 104. While in service by a customer, aircraft 92 is planned for routine maintenance and service 106, which may also include modification, reconfiguration, renewal and so on.
    [00055] Each of the method 90 processes can be performed or performed by a system integrator, a third party, and / or an operator (e.g., a customer). For the purposes of this description, an integrator may include without limitation any number of aircraft manufacturers and subcontractors to the larger system; a third party may include without limitation any number of vendors, subcontractors and suppliers; and an operator can be an airline, rental company, military entity, service organization, and so on.
    [00056] As shown in figure 19, the aircraft 92 produced by the exemplary method 90 can include an airplane structure 108 with a plurality of systems 110 and an interior 112. Examples of high level systems 110 include one or more of a propulsion 114, an electrical system 116, a hydraulic system 118 and an environmental system 120. Any number of other systems can be included. Although an aerospace example is shown, the principles of the exhibition can be applied to other industries, such as maritime and automotive industries.
    [00057] Systems and methods incorporated here can be employed during any of the production stages and service method 90. For example, components and subassemblies corresponding to the production process 98 can be manufactured in a similar way to the components or subassemblies produced while aircraft 92 is in service. Also one or more apparatus modalities, method modalities, or a combination of them can be used during production stages 98 and 100, for example, by substantially expediting the assembly of or reducing the cost of an 92 aircraft. Similarly, a or more of the modalities of the apparatus, modalities of the method or a combination of them can be used while the aircraft 92 is in service, for example, and without limitation, for maintenance and service 106.
    [00058] The description of the different advantageous modalities has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the modalities in the manner described. Many modifications and variations will become apparent to those of ordinary versatility in the technique. In addition, different advantageous modalities can provide different advantages compared to other advantageous modalities. The modality or modalities selected are chosen and described in order to better explain the principles of the modalities, their practical application, and to enable others of ordinary versatility in the technique to understand the exposure to various modalities with various modifications since they are suitable for the particular use contemplated.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    1. Vacuum bag (20) to process a part (34), comprising: a flat flexible diaphragm (22) adapted to be placed on the part (34); a rigid structure (24) encapsulated within the diaphragm (22); and a seal (26) connected to a lower surface of the diaphragm (22), characterized by the fact that the seal (26) is arranged to seal the diaphragm (22) against a surface of a tool on which the part (34) it is positioned during part processing (34), thereby allowing a vacuum to be created inside the bag (20).
    [0002]
    2. Vacuum bag (20), according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the diaphragm (22) is an elastomeric material.
    [0003]
    3. Vacuum bag (20) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the diaphragm (22) is RTV silicone.
    [0004]
    4. Vacuum bag according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the structure is a composite.
    [0005]
    5. Vacuum bag (20) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the seal (26) is integrally formed with the diaphragm (22).
    [0006]
    6. Vacuum bag (20) according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the seal (26) is attached to the encapsulated structure (24).
    [0007]
    7. Vacuum bag (20), according to any of the vindications 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that the structure (24) has sides surrounded by the diaphragm (22).
    [0008]
    8. Vacuum bag (20), according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that means are provided to retain and stabilize the seal (26) during subsequent processing steps.
    [0009]
    9. Vacuum bag (20) according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that means for retaining and stabilizing the seal (26) comprises a groove (40) of the tool on which the part (34) is positioned during part processing (34).
    [0010]
    10. Vacuum bag (20) according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that the means for retaining and stabilizing the seal (26) comprises shims (58) involving the seal (26) positioned on the surface of the tool on which the part (34) is positioned during part processing (34).
    [0011]
    A method of making a vacuum bag (20) for processing parts (34) as defined in any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising: forming a seal (26); forming a flat flexible diaphragm (22) on an upper surface of a tool, with a lower surface of the diaphragm (22) facing the upper surface of the tool; connect the seal (26) to the bottom surface of the diaphragm (22); and encapsulating a rigid structure (24) within the diaphragm (22); characterized by the fact that the seal (26) is arranged to seal the diaphragm (22) against a tool surface under which a part (34) is positioned during processing, thereby allowing a vacuum to be created inside the bag (20).
    [0012]
    12. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that: forming the diaphragm (22) includes coating a tool surface with an elastomer, and encapsulating the structure (24) includes placing the structure (24) of the coating elastomer and apply additional elastomer to the structure (24).
    [0013]
    13. Method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that it additionally comprises: forming a seal (26) integral with the diaphragm (22).
    [0014]
    14. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that: forming the seal (26) includes placing a sealing element on a tool surface, and forming the diaphragm (22) includes spraying an elastomer coating on the tool surface covering the seal (26).
    [0015]
    15. Method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that it additionally comprises curing the seal and the elastomer coating
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    法律状态:
    2014-12-02| B03A| Publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention [chapter 3.1 patent gazette]|
    2018-03-27| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-08-27| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-01-28| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-06-02| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-09-01| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 24/08/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US13/218,793|US8985174B2|2011-08-26|2011-08-26|Integrally stiffened, reusable vacuum bag and method of making the same|
    US13218793|2011-08-26|
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